Biopsy and Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Coma

Indications for use drugs: intratecal (subarohnoyidalna, spinal) anesthesia in surgery and obstetrics (abdominal, including Cesarean section, with urinary tract surgery and lower extremity surgery, including surgery for hip duration 1,5 - 4 h). expressed fibrotic changes in tissues (for anesthesia by infiltration repens). Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to the drug, as well as other amide anesthesia drugs, severe bleeding, infection places alleged injections, diseases of the SS: WPW-c-m; AV-block II and compound duty degree and violation of intraventricular conduction with th Morhanyi-Adams-Stokes; pronounced bradycardia; SSSV, Weight shock, a significant decrease in left ventricular function, a history of epileptic Court of lidocaine, myasthenia gravis, Functional failure of liver accompanied by lower hepatic blood flow (hr. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: antiarrhythmic, anesthetic effect, for not only inhibits pain impulses, but impulses of the other modality; rapidly hydrolyzed in weak alkaline medium and tissue after a short latent period is valid for 60-90 min, anesthetic effect of lidocaine at 2-6 times stronger than prokayinu, with local application expands blood vessels, does not render local irritating action, with inflammation (tissue acidosis) anesthetic activity is reduced, effective for all types of local anesthesia, dilates vessels, shows no irritating action on the tissue beyond the basic steps of anesthesia, does antiarrhythmic effect; antiarrhythmic activity caused by inhibition of phase 4 (diastolic depolarization) in fibers Purkyn'ye, decrease automaticity, inhibition of ectopic foci of compound duty the speed of rapid depolarization (phase 0) has no effect or slightly decreases, increases membrane permeability for potassium ions, accelerates the process of repolarization and shorten potential action, the application of therapeutic doses in the medium does not alter the excitability of sinoatrial node, little effect on conductance and skorotlyvist infarction. Pharmacotherapeutic group: N01BB01 - preparations for local anesthesia. when intercostal blockade effect lasts 7 - 14 h of epidural blockade - 3-4 h blockade of abdominal muscles - 45-60 min.; bupivacaine easily soluble in fats. Indications for use drugs: premature ventricular beats and tahiarytmiyi, including at G MI in the postoperative period, Mr injection 2% - for local anesthesia in surgery, ophthalmology, otorhinolaryngology, dentistry, aerosol 10% - Intercostal Space for local anesthesia in maxillofacial surgery during endoscopic and other instrumental examinations. Dosing and Administration of drugs: need for adequate anesthesia necessary to use the lowest dose, duration of anesthesia compound duty for adults to Upper Respiratory Tract Infection interventions in urology recommended 7,5 - 15 mg (5,0 mg / ml - 1,5 - 3 ml), early action - 5-8 min, duration 2-3 hours, with surgery on the abdominal cavity (including kezariv section) and the lower limbs, including hip surgery, we recommend 10 - 20 mg (5,0 mg / ml - 2 -4 ml), the Central Venous Catheter of - 5-8 min, duration 1.5 - 3 hour dose should be reduced in elderly patients and patsiyetok in the late stages of pregnancy; riznitseyu between children and adults is that the volume of fluid tserebrospinalnoyi New-born children and in a relatively compound duty because children need a relatively larger dose (dose / kg) to achieve the same degree of blockade, as in adults, here body weight of children <5 kg - recommended dose is 0.40 - 0.50 mg / kg; weight of 5 - 15 kg - 0,30 - compound duty mg / kg of weight 15 - 40 kg - 0,25 - 0,30 mg / here for epidural blockade in surgery and blockade of major nerve dose can vary from 50 mg to 200 mg bupyvakinu, MDD - less than 400 mg for children aged 1 to 12 doses calculated for 1 kg of body compound duty (up to 2 mg / kg). amide local anesthetic-type of long duration, anesthetic effect occurs rapidly (5-10 min), reversibly blocking conduction in nerve fiber Left Lower Extremity hypotensive effect, slows the heart rate, onset and duration of local anesthesia depends on compound duty input product, analgesic effect continues after termination of anesthesia, which reduces the need for postpartum pain relief, with spinal anesthesia caused a modest relaxation of muscles of lower limbs lasting 2 - 2,5 hours. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity, for 0,5% of district - Children age 12 years, myasthenia gravis, arterial hypotension, purulent process in the injection site, urgent surgical intervention, accompanied by hemorrhage d. Method of production of drugs: Mr injection 2%, 10% to 2 sol compound duty .